iosr-JECE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2018

Abstract: Thermoelectric is a science and technology associated with electric converters, that is the generation of electrical power using the Seeback effect and refrigeration using the Peltier effect.Thermoelectric generators are being used to provide electrical power in medical, military, deep space applications, automobiles and industry applications. Now a days there is an increase in the requirement for thermoelectric cooler in the use of infrared detectors and in optical communication system.

[1]. As the "figure of merit" approaches infinity, the Peltier–Seebeck effect can drive a heat engine or refrigerator at closer and closer to the Carnot efficiency. Disalvo, F. J. (1999). "Thermoelectric Cooling and Power Generation". Science. 285 (5428): 703–6. doi:10.1126/science.285.5428.703. PMID 10426986. Any device that works at the Carnot efficiency is thermodynamically reversible, a consequence of classical thermodynamics.

[2]. The voltage in this case does not refer to electric potential but rather the "voltmeter" voltage , where is the Fermi level.

[3]. "A.11 Thermoelectric effects". Eng.fsu.edu. 2002-02-01. Retrieved 2013-04-22.

[4]. There is a generalized second Thomson relation relating anisotropic Peltier and Seebeck coefficients with reversed magnetic field and magnetic order. See, for example, Rowe, D. M., ed. (2010). Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro to Nano. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420038903.

[5]. "https://stovefanreviews.com/teg-module-and-seebeck-effect/".

Abstract: This article describe the development of a prototype of an automatic system that is able to acquire, process and store the amount of rain precipitated. Using an automatic rain gauge of high precision and low cost, it has been made, from March to November 2013, a descriptive research with application component supported by field tests. As a result it was constructed a double tipping bucket rain gauge with data acquisition system employing an Arduino module and a GSM / GPRS shield. This ensemble sends data to a control center, which runs an application, developed on Labview platform. This application has the ability to display data in real time and store it in a database in the direction of record historical thereof. It is concluded that the implementation of the proposed system can contribute to automate the process of acquisition, processing and storage of rainfall data so that they can be used as needed. It is recommended to use the same system to monitor different meteorological variables.

Keywords: Rain Gauge, Data Acquisition, LabVIEW, Data Center, Arduino, Communication Networks, Communication Systems, GSM/GPRS, Graphical User Interface, Database, World Meteorological Organization.

[1]. World Meteorological Organization. 2008. Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation. Part I - Measurement of meteorological variables. 2008..
[2]. Strangeways, Ian. 2007. Precipitation. Theory, measurement and distribution. New York : Cambridge University Press, 2007.
[3]. "Python Software Foundation," https://www.python.org/psf/."
[4]. WMO-No. 168 .GUIDE TO HYDROLOGICAL PRACTICES. Volume I Hydrology – From Measurement to Hydrological Information. I.2-18. Sixth edition.
[5]. R. H. Glitho, "Application architectures for machine to machine communications: Research agenda vs. state-of-the art," 7th International Conference on Broadband Communications and Biomedical Applications, Melbourne, VIC, 2011, pp. 1-5.

Abstract: This paper is embedded with microstrip patch antenna that is constructed for future 5G wireless communications. The antenna has a compressed structure of 11mm x 8 mm x 0.5mm, including the ground plane. This antenna is designed using Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate used as dielectric material with a miniaturized size of 4.4mm x 3.3mm. Its dielectric constant is 2.2 and has thickness of 0.5 mm. This microstrip patch antenna resonates at frequencies of 28 GHz and 50 GHz. The antenna is simulated by using high frequency structure simulator. The antenna provides a gain of 2.6dB. The structure of antenna and various specifications such as return loss, vswr, gain plot and radiation pattern are discussed.

Keywords: Feed, HFSS, Microstrip Patch, Slot, 5G.

[1]. Straightpath Communication Inc. "A straight Path Towards 5G(white paper)" September 16, 2015.
[2]. S. Chen and J. Zhao, "The requirements, challenges, and technologies for 5G of terrestrial mobile telecommunication," in IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 36-43, May 2014.
[3]. Lel, Kai Forg,LukKwai-Mann: Microstrip patch Antenna, (World scientific, ISBN-184816453X,PP- 8-12)
[4]. C.A.Balanis,Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design,(3rd edition Wiley, New York ,2005).
[5]. Ansoft HFSS. Ver 12 Ansys Corporation. Available At WWW.ansoft.com.