iosr-JDMS   Volume-3 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: Hemoglobin E heterozygotes (Hb AE) are asymptomatic and homozygotes (Hb EE) have a mild microcytic anemia [1]. However, we had a 2 year old female child presenting with moderate pallor necessitating blood transfusions at 6 months to 1 year interval starting from eight months of age. Thorough clinical examination and investigative work-up revealed Hb E trait with Gaucher's disease. To the best of our knowledge, we are reporting for the first time the association of Hb E trait with enzyme-study confirmed Gaucher's disease. Earlier, there have been three case reports of Gaucher-like cells or Pseudo-Gaucher cells ( not Gaucher's disease) associated with classic beta thalassemia major, Hb E disease (HbEE) and thalassemia intermedia [2],[3] . It is therefore desirable to understand whether the co-existence of a thalassemia-like syndrome and a storage disease like Gaucher's disease could influence the clinical expression of each other.
Keywords: Bone marrow biopsy, Gaucher cells, HbE trait, Liver biopsy, Leukocyte betaglucosidase,plasma chitotriosidase

[1] Katsanis E, Luke KH, Hsu E, Yates JR.Hemoglobin E: a common hemoglobinopathy among children of Southeast Asian origin.
Can Med Assoc J. 1987;137:39-42.
[2] Zaino EC, Rossi MB, Pham TD, Azar HA. Gaucher's cells in thalassemia. Blood 38:457-462, 1971.
[3] Sharma P, Khurana N, Singh T :Pseudo-Gaucher cells in Hb E disease and thalassemia intermedia.Hematology. 2007 Oct; 12(5):
457-9
[4] Stewart AJ, Jones RD. Pseudo-Gaucher cells in myelodysplasia. J Clin Pathol 1999;52:917–918.
[5] Carrington PA, Stevens RF, Lendon M. Pseudo-Gaucher cells. J Clin Pathol 1992;45(4):360.
[6] Regazzoli A, Pozzi A, Rossi G. Pseudo-Gaucher plasma cells in the bone marrow of a patient with monoclonal gammopathy
ofundetermined significance. Haematologica 1997;82:727.
[7] Scullin DC, Jr, Shelburne JD, Cohen HJ. Pseudo-Gaucher cells in multiple myeloma. Am J Med 1979;67(2):347–352.
[8] Lang E, Uthman M. Pseudo-Gaucher cells in peritoneal fluid: An uncommon manifestation of extramedullary
hematopoiesis.Diagn Cytopathol 1999;20(6):379–381.
[9] Robak T, Urbanska-Rys H, Jerzmanowski P, Bartkowiak J, Liberski P, Kordek R. Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
withmonoclonal gammopathy-related pseudo-Gaucher cell infiltration in bone marrow and spleen—diagnostic and therapeutic
dilemmas. Leuk Lymphoma 2002;43(12):2343–2350.
[10] Ishihara T, Yamashita Y, Okuzono Y, Yokota T, Takahashi M, Kamei T, Uchino F, Matsumoto N, Miwa S, Fuji H, et al. Three
kinds of foamy cells in the spleen: Comparative histochemical and ultrastructural studies. Ultrastruct Pathol 1985;8(1):13–23.

Abstract:Introduction: To report a case of acute uterine torsion of gravid uterus by 360 degree at 26 weeks gestation. Method: A 32 yr old multigravida presented with acute pain abdomen at 26 weeks of gestation. On ultrasound revealed a dead foetus with concealed placental abruption. On laparotomy, it was diagnosed to be a case of 360 degree acute axial torsion of uterus. Due to excessive necrosis hysterectomy was done.
Keywords: uterine torsion, pregnancy, placental abruption, hysterectomy.

[1] Jovanovic D, Del Granado A, Stiller A. Torsion of the gravid uterus:a review and a case. J Reprod Med 1972; 8(2):81–4.
[2] Biswas MK, Summers P, Schultis SA, Herrera EH, Pernoll ML. Torsion of the gravid uterus. A report of two cases. J Reprod Med
1990;35(2):194–7.
[3] Wilson D et al. Third trimester Uterine torsion. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2006; 28(6):531-35.
[4] Rich DA, Stokes IM. Uterine torsion due to a fibroid, emergency myomectomy and transverse upper segment caesarean section. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;109(1):105–6.
[5] Barber HRK, Graber EA. Uterine Torsion during pregnancy. In: Surgical disease in pregnancy. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co Ltd,
1974: 387-388.
[6] Robinson AL, Duvall HM. Torsion of the pregnant uterus. J Obstet Gynaec Br Commonw. 1931; 38: 55-84.
[7] Jenson JG. Uterine torsion in pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.1992; 71: 260-265.
[8] Duplantier N, Begneaud W, Wood R, Dabezies C. Torsion of gravid uterus associated with maternal trauma. A case report. J Reprod
Med. 2002; 47: 683-685.
[9] Nicholson WK, Coulson CC, McCoy CM, Semelka RC. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of uterine torsion.
Obstet & Gynecol. 1995; 85: 888-890.
[10] Pelosi MA 3rd, Pelosi MA. Managing extreme uterine torsion at term: A case report. J Reprod Med. 1998; 43: 153-157.

Abstract:Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) also known as female circumcision is a practice which is entrenched in African culture. Archaic as this practice is, it is widely carried out in Nigeria with its attendant deleterious effects. Various methods of female genital mutilation practice in Nigeria include circumcision, infibulations, intermediate infibulations, excision and the unclassified method. Among the health problems associated with FGM are shock, hermorrage, infections, vesico vaginal fistula and trauma. Efforts to eradicate female genital mutilation in Nigeria are hampered by ignorance, economic motives culture, tradition, male prejudice and non- challant attitude of the Federal Government. Nevertheless, this practice must be stopped through education of the public and legislation by the Federal Government among other measures.
Key words:1. Female Genital Mutilation 2. hemorrhage 3. Excision 4. Infibulation 5. Circumcision

[1] Adeneye, A.K. (1995). Female circumcision in South West Nigeria.
[2] A case study of Owu Abeokuta. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis submitted to the Department o Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo University,
Ago – Iwoye.
[3] Akpabio, U.S. (1995). A study of the practice of Female circumcision in Akwa – Ibom State. A project submitted to the Inter –
African Committee (Nigeria), Lagos.
[4] Alan, D. (1994). Infibulation in the Republic of Djibouti. Thesis No: 31, University of Bardeaus College of Medicine, Djibouti.
[5] Anderson, B.L. (2001). The long – term Reproductive Health consequences of FGM in rural Gambia. A community based survey.
The tropical medicine on International Health. 6. (8).
[6] Anderson, B.L (1989), How to Eradicate circumcision of girls: A study of efforts in Egypt, Kenya and Mali
[7] Assaud, M (1990). Female circumcision in Egypt, A current research and social implications. American University of Cairo. Studies
in Family Planning Vol. 2.
[8] Black, M. (1993). The Health and the Status of Women United Nations Children's Fund, New York, U.S.A
[9] Darer. A.A. (1993). Female circumcision and its consequences for mother and child. A paper presented to the African Symposium of
the third world, Yaounde.
[10] Dorkenoo, E. (1994). Cutting the Rose. Female Genital mutilation. The practice and its prevention 379 Brixton, London, Minority
Right Report.

Abstract:AIMS: To Correlate Breast Parenchymal Densities among Northern Women who attended Clinic Screening in relation to age and Parity.
Keywords:Breast, parenchymal density, mammogram, northern Nigeria

[1] Wolfe JN. Breast Parenchymal Patterns and Their Changes with Age. Radiology 121 (3), 121, 1976, 545-52.
[2] Robinson GW, Karpf AB, Kratochwil K. Regulation of mammary gland development by tissue interaction. J Mammary Gland Biol
Neoplasia; 4(1), 1999, 9-19.
[3] Destounis SV, DiNitto P, Logan-Young W, Bonaccio E, Zuley ML, Willison KM.Can computer-aided detection with double reading
of screening mammograms help decrease the false-negative rate? - Initial experience".Radiology 232 (2), 2004, 578–80.
[4] Qaseem A, Snow V, Sherif K, Aronson M, Weiss KB, Owens DK. Screening mammography for women 40 to 49 years of age: a
clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann. Intern. Med. 146 (7): 2007, 511–5.
[5] Saftlas AF, Hoover RN, Brinton LA, Szklo M, Olson DR, Salane M, et al. Mammographic Densities And Risk of Breast Cancer.;67,
1991, 2833-2838.
[6] Stomper PC, D'Souza DJ, DiNitto PA, Arredondo MA. Analysis of parenchymal density on mammograms in 1353 women 25-79 years old. Am, J Roentgenol. 167(5), 1996, 1261-5.