iosr-JDMS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-2

Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe canal anatomy modifications by Path Files (PF) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in mandibular first molars. A total of 100 mesiobuccal (MB) root canals of mandibular first molars were prepared with PF. CBCT was used to scan the specimens before and after instrumentation. The root canal curvature, centric ability, apical transportation, root canal cross sectional area and canal volume were measured. Changes in canal anatomy modifications were recorded at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7mm intervals. There was a statistical difference in the root canal curvatures between the pre and post instrumented samples (P < 0.05). There was no transportation at 5mm , all the canals were transported towards the distal side except there was a slight mesial transportation at 0mm. They exhibited good centric ability at all the intervals except at 1mm (P > 0.05). The difference in the cross sectional area was also statistically significant at all the intervals (P < 0.05).The changes in the volume were statistically significant at all the intervals except at 3 mm (P > 0.05).

Keywords: Apical Transportation, Canal Volume, Centric Ability, Root Canal Cross-Sectional Area, Root Canal Curvature.

[1] Yun H, Kim SK. A comparison of the shaping abilities of 4 nickel-titanium rotary instruments in simulated root canals, Oral Surg, Oral Med, Oral Pathol, Oral Radiol, and Endod, 95(2), 2003, 228 –33.
[2] Schäfer E, Florek H. Efficiency of rotary nickel-titanium K3 instruments compared with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile. Part 1. Shaping ability in simulated curved canals, Int Endod J, 36 (3), 2003, 199 –207.
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[6] Young GR, Parashos P, Messer HH. The principles of techniques for cleaning root canals, Aust Dent J, 52(1), 2007, 52–63.
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[8] Pruett JP, Clement DJ, Carnes DL Jr. Cyclic fatigue testing of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments, J Endod, 23, 1997, 77-85.
[9] Alapati SB, Brantley WA, Svec TA, Powers JM, Nusstein JM, Daehn GS. SEM observations of nickel-titanium rotary endodontic instruments that fractured during clinical use. J Endod, 31, 2005, 40–3.
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Abstract: Introduction: Thyroid disease is a chronic non-communicable disease affecting women more than male . About 20 million Americans have some form of thyroid dysfunction, mostly women and about forty million individuals suffering in India. Objective of this study is the prevalence of thyroid hormone dysfunction in female patients as hypo or hyperthyroidism in the Dept of biochemistry, RIMS, Imphal. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Deptt. of Biochemistry, RIMS, Imphal in collaboration with Deptt. of Medicine on 824 female patients from January 2010 to December 2012.Thyroid function test were assayed by the ELISA method. Results and observations: In this study, out of 824 female patients enrolled, 491 patients are below 40 yrs and 333 patients are above 40 yrs. The present study shows that prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in females are 19.1% and 13.7% respectively and also shows that prevalence of hypothyroidism is more common in females of hilly areas (23.8%) compared to valley or plain areas (16.2%). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid dysfunction in the female population of Manipur so screening is needed above 40 yrs of female and for people of hilly areas of Manipur.

KeyWords; female patients, hypothyroidism, hilly areas, T3, T4, TSH.

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Abstract: A hospital based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in a girls' high school, Tarakeswar, Hooghly, West Bengal to assess the proportion of visual acuity and visual impairment among the students in a Rural High School along with its association with some socio-demographic, environmental and nutritional factors. Out of 160 students, 132 girl students of class VIII, IX, X attended the school on the day of survey. In first step Pre-designed pre-tested self administered questionnaire was filled in by the students. The second step involved eye examination, including students' visual acuity using the Snellen E chart and near vision chart. Data were tabulated in MS EXCEL 2007 and analysed by SPSS 20. Most of the students were Hindu (98.49%), Poor socio-economic class (63.64%). Education status of the fathers was mostly primary school completed (36.4%). 68.9% students had visual acuity 6/6 and 31.1% had visual acuity <6/6 with best available correction in both eyes (n=132).Visual impairment was found in 4.5% students. The frequency of visual impairment was significantly higher in children with glasses (corrected) as compared to children without glasses (14.3% versus 4%). Diet and physical factors had no role with visual acuity.

Key Words: visual acuity, visual impairment, high school students

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Abstract: Background:- Osteoarthritis is a chronic, localized joint disease affecting approximately one-third of adults, with the disease prevalence increasing with advancing age. OA affects many joints including the large, weight bearing joints of the hips and knees and also the spine, hands, feet and shoulders. The knee is the most common weight bearing joint affected by OA, with the disease predominantly affecting the medial compartment of the tibio-femoral joint. Patients with knee OA frequently report symptoms of knee pain and stiffness as well as difficulty with activities of daily living such as walking, stair-climbing and house keeping.

Key Words: Shortwave diathermy (SWD), visual analoge scale (VAS), WOMAC

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