IOSR-JAVS   Volume-3 ~ Issue-5 ~ MAY-JUN-2013

ABSTRACT:Huge amounts of flowers are offered in temples in India creating a large amount of flower waste. The temple wastes are released in the water bodies or dumped at the available places of land which creates severe environmental pollution and health hazards. Hence present study was under taken to develop efficient microbial consortium for degradation of flower waste. In nature, microorganisms do not live isolated, they coexist with many different microorganisms establishing relationships with each other which help them to degrade highly complex organic compound to simple stable end products. Therefore in the present work instead of individual isolates an attempt is made to develop microbial consortium for degradation of flower waste. Soil samples were collected from the area near the temple. Serial dilutions of soil were prepared. Bacteria were isolated by spreading one ml of each dilution on sterile nutrient agar plates. Soil isolates obtained were tested for its ability to degrade the flower waste. The flower waste was collected from the different temples, it was dried and 1% sterile, dried powder of this flower waste was added in the minimal medium (without carbon source). The soil isolates were streak inoculated on this flower waste agar medium. Isolates showing prominent growth on this medium were selected for consortium development. Various combinations of soil isolates were used. Five percent inoculum of different consortia was spread on flower waste chambers. It was incubated aerobically. Degradation was checked after specific time interval. Microbial consortium helped in reducing the time required for degrading large amount of flower waste. With this approach we can prepare good quality bio manure without causing any harm to the environment.

Key words: Flower wastes, Bacterial consortium, Biofertilizer, Pot experiment

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ABSTRACT: The effect of post hatch starvation on growth rate, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and nutrient digestibility coefficient was evaluated in broiler chicks. One hundred and eighty "Sayed" day-old broiler chickens were placed in six treatments with three replications of 10 chickens each. The experiment was arranged in a complete random design (CRD) at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours delay access to feed as treatments. Birds subjected to fasting at 12, 24 and 36h showed no significant (P>0.05) differences in body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratios. Body weight increased significantly (P<0.05) at 12, 24 and 36h compared with those at 48, 60 and 72h delayed access to feed. At 7 days of age, the nutrient digestibility coefficient of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), ash and nitrogen free extracts (NFE) was significantly (p<0.05) better at 12, 24 and 36h compared with those at 48, 60 and 72h. At 28 day of age, the results of the digestibility coefficient of birds at 12, 24 and 36h feed holding period was similar (p>0.05) for DM, CP and CF but significantly (P<0.05) differed from those on 48, 60 and 72h. The EE, ash and NFE were similar (P>0.05) across the treatments with improved values in birds with decreasing starved period. The results of this study revealed that delayed access to feed has adverse effects on broiler performance. It recommended that a source of energy in the hatching basket or during transportation be provided to chicks to reduce starvation.

Key words: Post-hatch starvation, feeding, performance, digestibility, broiler chicken

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