IOSR-JAVS   Volume-7 ~ Issue-3 ~ APRIL-2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Comparative Analysis Of Owner Managed And Lease Managed System Of Cocoa Production In Ekiti State Nigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Sekumade A. B.
	:	10.9790/2380-07310106

ABSTRACT: This paper examines the comparative study of Owner managed and Lease managed system of cocoa production in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Through a multistage sampling technique, one hundred and twenty (120) respondents were interviewed and data collected with the aid of a well structured questionnaire. Data were analysed with Descriptive Statistics, Probit Regression Analysis and Budgetary techniques. The respondents are basically farmers with high involvement in cocoa plantation. The result of the descriptive statistic shows that majority of the respondents are Male (90.2%) while 9.8%of the respondents are Female, the respondents are between the age of 20 -82 years with a mean age of 56 years, 90.8% of the respondents are married while only 9.2% are single, the average household size is 7.
Keywords: Cocoa Production, Ekiti State, Lease Managed, Owner Managed.

[1]. Ajibefun, I.A.and Daramola 2003: 'Determinants of Technical and Allocative Efficiency of Micro enterprises: Firm – level Evidence from Nigeria'. Bulletin of African Development Bank 4: 353 – 395.
[2]. Cocoa Research institute of Nigeria (CRIN) (2003): Bulletin of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria CRIN, Ibadan Vol.12 (2003).
[3]. Folayan, J. A. Daramola, G. A. and Oguntade A. E (2006): Structure and Performance Evaluation of Cocoa Marketing Institution in South-Western Nigeria: An Economic Analysis. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment (2006) 4(2): 123 – 128.
[4]. Nkang N.M., Abang S.O., Akpan O.E and Offem J.K (2006): Cointegration and Error Correction Modelling of Agricultural Export Trade in Nigeria.The case of Cocoa.Journal of Agriculture and Social Science, 2006.
[5]. Oladosu, I.O. and Sanusi, W.A (2004): Communication Effectiveness between Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) and Cocoa farmers in Cocoa Producing Areas of Oyo State. Journal of Rural Research and Information, 1: 77 – 86 (2004).

ABSTRACT: The experiment was carried out in vegetable Research Farm ,during ninth of February to tenth of May in 2013 with following combination of which was T1 (V1 ( NOH-15 ) without FYM), T2 (V1 ( NOH-15 ) +Farm yard manure FYM 15 t /ha) , T3 (V1( NOH-15 ) + Farm yard manure FYM 25 t /ha), T4 (V2 (SONAL) without FYM), T5 (V2(SONAL) + Farm yard manure FYM 15 t /ha), T6 (V2 (SONAL) + Farm yard manure FYM 25 t /ha) , T7 (V3( OH -2324) without FYM), T8 (V3( OH -2324) + Farm yard manure FYM 15 t /ha) and T9 (V3 (OH -2324) + Farm yard manure FYM 25 t /ha) . The minimum Days to germination of seed in different okra treatments (3.68) was with treatment T5 (SONAL+FYM 15 tone/ha), The maximum T.S.S. (0Brix) was recorded in the T6 was (2.84), the maximum number of leaves was (49.35), The maximum number of branches was (2.80), The maximum average number of fruit per plant was (23.15), The maximum average Fresh weight of fruit was (12.43 g), The maximum fruit yield per plant was (287.61 g) the maximum Average fruit yield per hectare was (16.25 t/ha) The maximum ascorbic acid was (15.58 mg/100g), maximum plant height was (127.6 cm), and were produced by the treatment (T9)(OH-2324 +25 t/ha FYM ) , It was the best treatment for growth and yield of okra
Key word: Okra, Abelmoschus esculantus L. Monech , FYM , growth, yield and fruits quality.

[1]. Akintoye HA, Adepayo AG, Aina OO (2011): Growth and yield response of okra intercropped winth lieu mulches. Asion J. Agric.
Res. 5:146-153.
[2]. Anil kumar D. Talageri , J.Narayana and Y.P. Shilpshree. (2011). A Comparative Assessment of Organic manures and Inorganic
Fertilizers on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) International Journal of Life Sciences 2(1):53-59.
[3]. Chaterjee, B.;Ghanti,P.;Thapa,U and Tripathy,P. (2005). Effect of organic nutrition in spro broccoli (Brassica aleraceae var.
italica plenck). Vegetable Science. 33 (1): 51-54.
[4]. Gopalan. C., Rama sastri . B.V. and Balasubramanian. S., (2007). Nutritive Value of Indian Foods, Published by Natritive
Istitute of Natrition (NIN), ICMR.
[5]. Gruhn,p.; Goletti,F and Yudelman, M.(2000).Integrated Nutrient Management, Soil Fertility and Sustainable Agriculture. Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion:1-31.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Phytochemical Analysis of Phyllanthus Maderaspatensis And Celosia Argentea
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S. Swarupa Rani, R. R. Venkata Raju
	:	10.9790/2380-07311314

ABSTRACT: Phyllanthus maderaspatensis a dominant weed in Jowar fields and Celosia argentea a dominant weed in Redgram fields were identified by the IVI studies conducted in the test fields of Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh. Though they are weed plants they have medicinal value .Being the test weeds are known ethanobotanicals in the area root and shoot extracts were analysed to indicate the quality/groups of secondary metabolites.
Keywords: Phyllanthus maderaspantensis, Celosia argentea, Phytochemical analysis.

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[4]. Waltor H. F. 1971. Principle and methods of chemical analysis. Prentice– HALL Of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
[5]. Yu. J.Q., Lei, J.C., Yu, H, Cai, X. & 204, G.l. 2004. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Scutellaria barbata, phytochem 65:881-884.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Ambient Temperature Associated Variations In Serum Urea And Creatinine In Marwari Goats
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Gurdeep Kour, Nalini Kataria, Ninad Sahebrao Lawhale
	:	10.9790/2380-07311518

ABSTRACT: The present investigation was carried out on 540 apparently healthy Marwari goat of either sex, between 5 months to 4 years of age, to assess ambient temperature associated variations in serum metabolites of hepatic functions during moderate (October and November), hot (May and June) and cold (December and January) ambient temperature periods. In each ambient temperature period 180 blood samples were collected and the animals were grouped into male (90) and female (90). Further each group was divided according to age as 5-10 months (30 male and 30 female); 1-2 years (30 male and 30 female) and 2.5-4 years (30 male and 30 female). Serum metabolites of hepatic functions included in the study were urea and creatinine and the overall mean values were 5.62±0.20 mmol/l (3-14 mmol/l) and 94.97±2.90 μmol/l (55-153 μmol/l) respectively. The mean value of serum creatinine was significantly (p≤0.05) higher during hot and non significantly higher (p>0.05) during cold ambient temperature periods in comparison to overall moderate mean values, respectively. In each ambient temperature period the sex effect was significant (p≤0.05) for both metabolites serum urea and serum creatinine, the values were higher in male animals. In each ambient temperature period the age effect was significant (p≤0.05) for both the metabolites, serum urea and serum creatinine the values being highest in the animals of 2.5-4 years of age. The present study indicated that extreme ambience can stimulate the liver of the animals of both the sexes and all age groups, which was reflected in the form of increased activity metabolites in the serum.
Keywords: Ambient temperature, Marwari goat, Serum, urea, creatinine.

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