IOSR-JAP   Volume-13 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2021

ABSTRACT: Lead lithium sodium tungsten borophosphate glasses containing Pr3+ in (40-x):P2O5:10PbO:10Li2O:10Na2O:10WO3:20B2O3:xPr6O11 (where x=1, 1.5,2 mol %) have been prepared by melt-quenching method. The amorphous nature of the glasses was confirmed by x-ray diffraction studies. Optical absorption, Excitation spectra and fluorescence spectra were recorded at room temperature for all glass samples. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωλ (λ=2, 4, 6) are evaluated from the intensities of various absorption bands of optical absorption spectra. Using these intensity parameters various radiative properties like spontaneous emission probability, branching ratio, radiative life time and stimulated emission cross–section of various emission lines have been evaluated.

Keywords: LLSTBP Glasses, Optical Properties, Judd-Ofelt Theory, Thermal Properties.

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ABSTRACT: With regards to classical Electromagnetic (EM) Theory, a purely analytical approach with verification and validation is followed for describing and measuring asymmetric incommensurable torque (AIT) signals arising out of magnetic attraction and repulsion using moving 2D and 3D current loop structures. Validation is done statically, by comparing the nonlinear analytical EM spring with its measured counterpart and dynamically by showing an angular path and velocity difference of more than 1rad and 8rad/s by flipping the EM spring from its unstable position in clockwise and counterclockwise direction. Where the energy comes from, cannot yet be determined and only a hypothesis about the energy source can be given..

Keywords: Lorentz Force; Permanent Magnet (PM); Analytical Approach; Parameter Model; Validation Experiments

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[2] S. I. Babic and C. Akyel, "Magnetic Force between Inclined Circular Loops (Lorentz Approach)," PIER B, vol. 38, pp. 333–349, 2012, doi: 10.2528/PIERB12011501.
[3] J. M. Camacho and V. Sosa, "Alternative method to calculate magnetic field of permanent magnets with azimuthal symmetry," Revista Mexicana de Fisica, 2013.
[4] D. Spreemann and Y. Manoli, Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesting Devices: Architectures, Design, Modeling and Optimization. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012.
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ABSTRACT: I am introducing a new concept which is about "moving fluid and moving elastic material". If the fluid is moving through a certain area in a certain direction, I would consider it as a "fluid particle‟ or a "packet of fluid particles‟. Again I would consider "resistance" in a moving fluid as well. The resistance I am defining here is in a certain pattern that has been developed by me.....

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ABSTRACT: In hafnium diselenide intercalated with copper atoms, the components of the complex impedance are measured and the real and imaginary components of the relative permittivity are determined. A strong frequency dispersion of the imaginary part of the permeability is found. The use of the formalism of the electrical module made it possible for the first time for a given material to determine the characteristic times of dielectric relaxation at different temperatures and to estimate the values of the high-frequency dielectric constant.

Key Word: hafnium diselenide, intercalation, dielectric constant, electrical module.

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